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概述：主谓一致是指谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致,遵循三个原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。考点一：语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上一致,即主语是单数形式时,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词也采用复数形式。1.当and或both...and...连接两个或两个以上的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。TomandMikearegoodfriends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。BothLucyandLilyarestudents.露西和莉莉都是学生。2.不定代词 either,neither,eacho|ne,theother,another,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Isthereanythingwrongwithyourbike?你的自行车有什么毛病吗?Everyoneisreadyforthesportsmeeting.大家都为运动会做好了准备。
13.由each,each...andeach...,every,every..|.andevery...作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Eachboyandeachgirlwasgivenanewuniform.给了每一个男孩和每一个女孩一件新校服。4.主语后接有 with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,including,besides,like,except,but等词或短语时,谓语动词的数由主语的单、复数形式决定。Mr.GreenwithhiswifeandtwodaughtersiscomingtoBeijing.格林先生将和他的夫人及两个女儿一块儿来北京。5.anumber|of+名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;thenumberof+限定词+名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Anumberoftreeswerecutdown.许多树木被砍倒了。Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis32.我们班的学生人数为32。6.“alotof(lotsof,plentyof,apileof,pilesof,mostof)+名词”和“分数或百分数+名词”等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于名词。如果是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。Lots|ofpeoplehavebeenthere.很多人去过那儿。7.由“apair(akind,aseries...)+of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;“pairs(kinds...)+of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
2Apairofsunglassesislyingonthetable.桌子上放着一副太阳镜。Fiftypairsofshoesaremadeeachday.每天能制作50双鞋。8.某些只有复数形式的名词(如clothes,trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves...|)作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Myglasseswerewornout.我的眼镜坏了。9.不定式或动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Readingislearning.读书就是学习。Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。【即学即练】1.MysisterwithmyparentsdumplingswhenIgothomeyesterdayevening. A.aremaking B.ismakingC.wasmaking D.weremaking2.Inourschoollibrarythereanumberof|booksandthenumberofthemgrowinglargerandlarger. A.is;are B.has;isC.are;is D.have;are3.—Thepriceofvegetablessoquicklythesedays. —Oh,no,butIdon’tthinkso.A.afford B.risesC.improves D.raise4.Climbinghillsofgreathelptoourhealth. A.was B.were
3C.is D.are1.答案:C 2|.答案:C3.答案:B 4.答案:C考点二：意义一致原则意义一致又叫概念一致,即谓语动词用单数还是复数要看主语所表达的概念。1.由and连接的两个名词作主语,如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词),则谓语动词用单数形式。Theteacherandwriteriscomingtogiveusatalknextweek.那位老师兼作家下周要给我们做报告。Thesingeranddancerhasbeeninvitedtotheparty.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加了晚会。2.表示金钱、价格、时间、距离、长度等复数名词、词组作主语时,一|般被看作一个整体,谓语动词常用单数形式。Fiveyearsisalongtime.五年是一段很长的时间。3.集体名词(如family,team,crowd,company,class,group,government...)如果表示整体概念,则谓语动词用单数形式,如果表示集体中的成员,则谓语动词用复数形式。Myfamilyaregoingonvacationnextmonth.我们一家人下个月要去度假。Myfamilyisasmallonewiththreepeople.
4我家是一个有三口人的小家庭。4.people,police,c|attle等集合名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Thepolicearehelpingagirlfindherparen
